The author states that there is a difference between history, a study of the past, and historiography, which studies how history has been written and understood in the past. Canadian historiography, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, was rooted in European traditions and was largely practiced by “professional” or university-based historians. However, as literacy rates improved in Canada, the love of and interest in history increased for amateur historians. This contributed to the “historical turn” in Canada, yet there were varied historiographical traditions for different groups in Canadian society. For First Nations groups, Aboriginal history was mainly based on oral traditions whereas for Europeans history focused mainly on written texts such as the Bible. The chapter also discusses the history of professional historians in Canada and the emergence of the ‘New Social History’ in Canada. By the turn of the 21^st century, historians were beginning to take postmodernism into consideration and its ensuing impact on historical studies in Canada. A closer look at the differences and similarities between academic historians and public historians follows and includes the effect on Canadian historiography. The chapter concludes with a look to the future of Canadian historiography and the effect of liberalism and revisionism.